Economy of Agricultural and Processing Enterprises, 2022, No 5
Contents
AGRARIAN ECONOMIC POLICY
Khlystun V.N., Alakoz V.V. –
On land management support for the involvement of unused agricultural land in
circulation (p.
2-8)
Semin A.N., Loginov A.L., Maltsev N.V. – Improving the evaluation of the efficiency of the
use of budget support for the agroindustrial complex
(p.
9-13)9
AIC ENTERPRISES IN MARKET ECONOMY
Sharkov I.N., Kolbin S.A., Zakharov G.M. – Agrotechnologies and
possibilities of grain production intensification in Siberia (p. 14-18)
REGIONAL ASPECT
Mazloev V.Z., Plaeva A.A. –
The pandemic, sanctions and the regional labor market (on the example of the
Republic of North Ossetia-Alania) (p. 19-22)
Shalaevà L.V. – Animal husbandry
of the Perm Region: trends, problems, prospects (p. 23-28)
LAND MANAGEMENT
Bondarenko Yu.P. –
Prospects for the expansion of acreage in the regions of Russia due to the
introduction of unused arable land into circulation (p. 29-38)
LABOR MARKET AND SOCIAL SPHERE IN RURAL LOCALITY
Efimova L.A. – Rural incomes are an indicator of the development
of human capital in the sphere of labor in the agricultural sector of the
economy (p.
39-45)
Ozeryanik M.E., Navdaeva S.N. –
Assessment of the unemployment rate and its impact on the economy of the region
(on the example of the Nizhniy Novgorod region) (p. 46-54)
RESEARCHE BY YOUNG SCIENTISTS
Ibragimova R.M. – The increasing the financial stability of
agricultural organizations of the Republic of Tatarstan
is an important problem of today (p. 55-59)
DOI
10.31442/0235-2494-2022-0-5-2-8
p. 2-8
On land management
support for the involvement of unused agricultural land in circulation
Viktor N.
Khlystun1, PhD (Economics), Professor,
Academician of RAS
Valeriy
V. Alakoz2, Senior Scientific Worker
1State University of Land Use Planning, Moscow,
Russia
2 Federal Scientific Center of Agrarian Economy
and Social Development of Rural Areas – VNIIESH, Moscow, Russia
Abstract. The purpose of the study is to analyze the
content of the program for involving unused agricultural land in circulation
and to determine a set of measures for land management support of its
implementation. The research materials are the State program of effective
involvement in the turnover of agricultural lands and the development of the
reclamation complex of the Russian Federation, data from statistical
observations and reporting, the results of surveys and monitoring of the state of
agricultural lands in certain subjects of the Russian Federation. The methods
of information analysis and synthesis, expert assessment, risk systematization,
scientific forecasting and modeling of situations were used. In the course of
the study, the need for some adjustment of the content of the program was
established and measures were proposed to improve the effectiveness of its
implementation on the basis of schemes and land management projects. The
results of the analysis of the content of the program and proposals for the
organization of land management support for its implementation should be used
in the subsequent adjustment of the list and content of planned activities and
the development of regional programs and municipal schemes and projects for the
introduction of unused land into economic circulation.
Keywords: agricultural lands, land policy, land
management, potential, involvement in turnover, efficiency, land use, property,
lease
DOI
10.31442/0235-2494-2022-0-5-9-13
p. 9-13
Improving the
evaluation of the efficiency of the use of budget support for the
agro-industrial complex
Alexander N.
Semin1, PhD (Economics), Professor,
Academician of RAS, Honoured Scientific Worker of RF
Alexander L.
Loginov2, Senior Lecturer
Nikolai V.
Maltsev3, PhD (Economics), Head
of Chair
1,2,3Ural State Mining University, Yekaterinburg, Russia
Abstract. The article is devoted to improving approaches
to assessing the effectiveness of budget support for agricultural producers in
the case of applying a mechanism for distributing subsidies based on the use of
a cost approach depending on the achievement of security for a particular type
of food.
Keywords: government support, subsidies, efficiency
assessment, agricultural business value
DOI
10.31442/0235-2494-2022-0-5-14-18
p. 14-18
Agrotechnologies and possibilities of grain production
intensification in Siberia
Ivan N.
Sharkov1, PhD (Biology), Director of
Institute
Sergey A.
Kolbin2, PhD (Agriculture), Senior Scientific Worker
Gennadiy
M. Zakharov3, PhD (Agriculture), Leading Scientific Worker
1,2,3Siberian Research Institute of Agriculture and Chemicalization of Agriculture SNC RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
Abstract. Based on the actual increases in the yield of
spring wheat from the use of fertilizers and fungicides obtained in many years
of field experience, the current possibilities of intensifying grain production
in the forest-steppe of Siberia are analyzed. The main condition for intensification
is the receipt of additional income by farms. It is shown that the average
annual increase in wheat yield from the use of fertilizers and fungicides
recoup the costs of their application already at a grain price of 9000
rubles/t. However, due to a decrease in yield in unfavorable weather
conditions, the use of these chemicals was unprofitable for at least 40% of the
years. An increase in the price of grain to 15000 rubles/t reduced the share of
unprofitable years to 10%. It is concluded that the use of chemicals, providing
an increase in crop yields, does not guarantee farms to receive an annual
profit. This is one of the main factors hindering the widespread replication of
intensive grain production technologies in Siberia.
Keywords: intensification, agrotechnologies,
spring wheat, grain yield increases, fertilizers, pesticides, income from
chemicals, Siberia
DOI
10.31442/0235-2494-2022-0-5-19-22
p. 19-22
The pandemic, sanctions and the regional labor
market (on the example of the Republic of North Ossetia - Alania)
Vitaliy
Z. Mazloev1, Honoured Scientific Worker of RF, PhD (Economics), Professor, Chief Scientific Worker
Albina A.
Plaeva2, PhD (Economics), Associate Professor
1VNIOPTUSkH, branch of Federal Scientific Center
of Agrarian Economy and Social Development of Rural Areas –VNIIESkH,
Moscow, Russia
2RSO-Alania Employment Committee, Vladikavkaz, Russia
Abstract. The article considers various
aspects affecting the regional labor market, arising from the coronavirus pandemic, and then aggravated by the imposition
of international sanctions against the Russian Federation. It is shown what are the features of a labor-surplus region and its
agro-industrial complex. The economic levers and methods allowing to smooth out the negative impact of sanctions measures on
the economy of the region, including the agricultural sector, are considered.
Keywords: labor market, unemployment, sanctions,
state regulation, economic levers, Republic of North Ossetia-Alania
p. 23-28
Animal husbandry of
the Perm Region: trends, problems, prospects
Lyudmila V. Shalaevà, PhD (Economics), Associate
Professor, Head of
Chair
Perm State Agrarian and Technological University named after Academy
Member D.N. Pryanishnikov, Perm, Russia
Abstract. Animal husbandry as the most important
direction of agricultural production makes a significant contribution to solving
the problems of ensuring food security in Russia as a whole and its individual
regions. The assessment of the dynamics of factors of livestock production
(productivity, livestock, feed consumption, intensification) allowed us to
identify their impact on the results of activities in the sub-sector and, as a
consequence, on the regional food balance and the level of self-sufficiency of
the region. With a sufficient level of animal feeding, the increase in
productivity in the field of dairy cattle breeding and egg poultry farming had
a positive impact on the volume of livestock production. Negative trends in the
field of beef cattle and pig breeding predetermine a decrease in the level of
self-sufficiency of the region with meat products. The indicated risk is
reinforced by the problems of intensification of animal husbandry in the Perm Region.
The results obtained made it possible to identify problems that can be solved
by improving the efficiency of activities in animal husbandry, including
through the activation of the renewal of fixed assets of enterprises in the
industry.
Keywords: agriculture, animal husbandry, productivity,
livestock, intensification, food resources, food security, Perm Krai
DOI
10.31442/0235-2494-2022-0-5-29-38
p. 29-38
Prospects for the expansion of acreage in the
regions of Russia due to the introduction of unused arable land into
circulation
Yuriy P. Bondarenko, PhD (Economics),
Senior Scientific Worker
Institute of Agrarian Issues of the Russian Academy of Sciences,
Saratov, Russia
Abstract. The problem of ensuring the
country’s food security, which has recently become particularly acute, involves
accelerating the search for reserves for the growth of agricultural production,
one of such reserves is unused agricultural land. Therefore, in view of the
strengthening of international sanctions against Russia and the adoption of a
state program for the effective involvement of agricultural land in the
turnover, the author’s approach to ranking regions according to the degree of
prospects for large-scale expansion of acreage due to the introduction of
unused arable land into circulation is proposed. Based on the results of calculations
of resource and financial indicators of agricultural development in regions
with large areas of unused arable land, an assessment of the potential of the regions
was made on the possible level of efficiency of the use of arable land put into
circulation, so that additional measures of financial and organizational support
for these regions had the maximum level of return in the form of high growth
rates of gross agricultural output. The article emphasizes that agriculture in
only 22 regions has sufficient conditions and opportunities for effective
development after large-scale involvement in the turnover of unused arable land,
but subject to mandatory state support, without which it is impossible to bring
individual economic and production indicators of the agricultural sector of
individual regions to an acceptable level.
Keywords: expansion of acreage, resource and
financial indicators, regions of Russia, ranking, priorities of support,
involvement in the turnover of unused arable land, growth of agricultural
production, food security of the country
DOI
10.31442/0235-2494-2022-0-5-39-45
p. 39-45
Rural incomes are an
indicator of the development of human capital in the sphere of labor in the
agricultural sector of the economy
Larisa A. Efimova, PhD (Economics),
Associate
Professor
Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev
Agricultural Academy, Moscow, Russia
Abstract. The economic growth of the
agricultural sector of the economy, the provision of a comfortable working
environment are the dominant factors in the development of human
capital. The main indicator of the development of human capital in the sphere
of labor of the agricultural sector of the economy is the increase in incomes
of the rural population. Currently, the growth of incomes and the standard of
living of the rural population in Russia do not correspond to the declared
goals. Despite the wide range of studies on the essence of income, the
conditions for their formation and regulation, the importance of scientific
developments is increasing from the point of view of the methodology for
classifying rural incomes as an indicator of human capital development in the
field of labor in the agricultural sector of the economy. In modern conditions,
the agricultural sector of the economy is forced to make effective management
decisions aimed at the development of human capital in the field of labor. The
combination of the considered measures will make it possible to substantiate
the dependence of the income level of the rural population for the development
of human capital in the sphere of labor of the agricultural sector of the
economy. The human development approach reminds us that economic growth is a
means, not an end goal. The ultimate goal is the development of human capital,
the transition to a human-oriented model of economic development.
Keywords: income, human capital, rural population, sphere
of work, agricultural sector of the economy
DOI
10.31442/0235-2494-2022-0-5-46-54
p. 46-54
Assessment of the
unemployment rate and its impact on the economy of the region (on the example
of the Nizhniy Novgorod region)
Maria E.
Ozeryanik1, PhD (Economics),
Associate
Professor
Svetlana N.
Navdaeva2, PhD (Economics), Associate Professor
1,2Nizhniy Novgorod State Agricultural Academy,
Nizhniy Novgorod, Russia
Abstract. The problem of reducing the unemployment rate
and increasing the availability of qualified personnel in the sectors of the
economy is very relevant at the present stage, the
level of economic development of the region largely depends on the number of
unemployed and employed citizens, on the state of the labor market. The article
examines the dynamics of the number of unemployed in the Russian Federation and
in the Nizhniy Novgorod region. The assessment of the structure of the
unemployed population by age, level of education is carried out, the average
time of job search by the unemployed, the professional
composition of employed citizens is analyzed. The degree of influence of the
number of unemployed on the value of the gross domestic product of the region
per capita is revealed. The forecast of the number of unemployed in the Nizhniy
Novgorod region and the Russian Federation for 2022-2024 is given.
Keywords: labor market, unemployment rate, gross regional
product per capita, forecast, Russia, Nizhniy Novgorod region
DOI
10.31442/0235-2494-2022-0-5-55-59
p. 55-59
The increasing the
financial stability of agricultural organizations of the Republic of Tatarstan is an important problem of today
Raila M. Ibragimova, Postgraduate Student
Kazan State Agrarian University, Kazan, Russia
Abstract. The financial condition of agricultural
organizations of the Republic of Tatarstan as a whole
has been closer to the crisis for a long time. Therefore, the current situation
requires constant analysis and adoption of adaptive measures. This article is
devoted to this problem. This paper establishes a functional relationship
between the current liquidity ratio and six other coefficients that
independently characterize the financial condition of organizations. It is
proved that the current liquidity ratio as a complex and integral indicator can
be used for the operational assessment of the financial well-being of the
organization. It was revealed that all agricultural organizations, regardless
of their specialization, the degree of processing of their own products and
other conditions, financial well-being is associated with the level of economic
efficiency of the invested capital. In this aspect, a closer relationship is
established in large, diversified, geographically large agricultural
organizations.
Keywords: agricultural organization,
financial stability, return on assets, current liquidity ratio,
correlation analysis, Republic of Tatarstan