Economy of Agricultural and Processing Enterprises, 2024, No 3
Contents
AGRARIAN ECONOMIC POLICY
Semin A.N., Gusmanov
R.U., Chernogor I.A., Subkhangulov
R.R. – On
some import substitution mechanisms in the second sphere of the Russian agro-industrial
complex (p.
2-9)
Avarskii N.D., Alpatov
A.V. –
Fundamentals of the formation and management of agglomerations in rural areas
of Russia (p. 10-18)
Tkach A.V., Kaurova
O.V., Maloletko A.N. – Assessment of the state
of dairy cattle breeding in Russia (p. 19-24)
AIC ENTERPRISES IN MARKET ECONOMY
Tatarovskaya T.E., Afanasyev
A.V. – A
conceptual model for managing the economic security of agricultural
organizations (p. 25-32)
REGIONAL ASPECT
Dorzhieva E.V. – The concept of
agricultural development in region with environmental constraints (based on the
materials of the Republic of Buryatia) (p. 33-40)
BUSINESS ENTITIES: PROBLEMS AND PRACTICES
Morhachov I.V., Daeva
T.V., Gavrineva N.S. – Assessment of the
dynamics of owner’s equity capital of agricultural holdings in the Russian
Federation (p. 41-52)
CO-OPERATION AND INTEGRATION IN AIC
Rodnina N.V. – Cooperation as a tool
for agricultural and rural development (p. 53-57)
Pavlunenko L.E. – Grain-product subcomplex of Crimea: prerequisites for improving
inter-industry cooperation (p. 58-64)
LABOR MARKET AND SOCIAL SPHERE IN RURAL LOCALITY
Tuguskina G.N. – Problems of the social
sphere of the village and personnel providing for enterprises of the agro-industrial
complex (p. 65-70)
DOI
10.31442/0235-2494-2024-0-3-2-9
p. 2-9
Original article
On some import
substitution mechanisms in the second sphere of the Russian agro-industrial
complex
Alexander N.
Semin1, Rasul U. Gusmanov2,
Irina A. Chernogor3, Rustem R.
Subkhangulov4
1 Ural State University of Economics,
Yekaterinburg, Russia
2 Bashkir State Agrarian University,
Ufa, Russia
3 Omsk Academy of the Ministry of Internal
Affairs of Russia, Omsk, Russia
4 Ufa Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal
Affairs of Russia, Ufa, Russia
Abstract. In this work, an analysis of a possible option
for introducing the “sandbox mechanism” into agriculture of the Russian
Federation was carried out; the authors investigated the possible economic
consequences of this implementation. The emphasis is placed on the fact that
this step will allow our country to enter a completely new innovative path of
agricultural development. The following research results were obtained:
failures in imports and exports due to large-scale disruptions in food supply
chains are the results of Western sanctions pressure on the Russian food
market. Russia is still dependent on imports, so the main thesis is that
exports and import substitution are complementary strategies. In order to level
out the problem of import substitution, the authors propose the use of a
“sandbox mechanism”; it is quite obvious that, through a certain methodology,
we will reduce the time and costs of entering export-oriented products into the
national market, and then world markets and, subsequently, expanding production
capabilities for domestic manufacturers. The key directions of state policy in
the field of import substitution have been identified - ensuring technological
sovereignty in the country through the production of import-substituting and
export-oriented products. The main threats to food security for 2024-2025 are
formulated: the further use of parallel imports will only worsen the already
difficult relations with the West, and new risks will also appear - an
uncontrolled rise in food prices and, as a result, a loss of confidence of the
domestic consumer. Specific models of import substitution are proposed with an
emphasis on domestic high-tech developments and scientific competencies in the
food market.
Keywords: food security, food chains, agriculture,
“regulatory sandboxes”, “sandbox mechanism”, “sandbox mechanism”, import
substitution, food imports, food exports, innovations in agriculture, import
substitution model, parallel imports, food sovereignty, export-oriented
economy, import substitution models
Information about the authors:
A.N. Semin – Doctor of Economic Sciences,
Professor, Academician of RAS (aleks_ural_55@mail.ru)
R.U. Gusmanov – Doctor of Economic Sciences,
Professor (757121@mail.ru)
I.A. Chernogor – PhD in Economics
(ichernogor1986@mail.ru)
R.R. Subkhangulov – PhD in Economics,
Associate Professor (55671@rambler.ru)
The article was submitted on 09.02.2024, approved after reviewing on
14.02.2024, accepted for publication on 15.02.2024.
DOI
10.31442/0235-2494-2024-0-3-10-18
p. 10-18
Original article
Fundamentals of the
formation and management of agglomerations in rural areas of Russia
Nabi D.
Avarskii1, Anton V. Alpatov2
1, 2 FSBSI FRC AESDRA VNIIESH, Moscow,
Russia
Abstract. The article focuses on the basics of the
formation and management of agglomerations in rural areas of Russia. The
author’s formulation of the concept of «agglomeration in rural areas» is given.
Criteria have been identified for the purpose of determining agglomerations in
rural areas, the main of which include the population, the presence of a center
or core of the agglomeration, the infrastructural community of municipalities
in the agglomeration, the presence of agricultural production in the
agglomeration, the presence of sufficiently dense buildings. Based on the
criteria presented, the classification of agglomerations in rural areas is
given. A model of the mechanism for managing the functioning and development of
agglomerations in rural areas is presented. The main aspects of the
implementation of the mechanism for managing the functioning and development of
agglomerations in rural areas are substantiated, and a logical and graphical
model of the phased implementation of the agglomeration management system in rural
areas is presented.
Keywords: agglomeration, management tools, management
methods, municipal level of management, regional level of management, rural
areas, agriculture, agricultural production, management system, federal level
of management, forms of management, core of agglomeration
Highlights: – in modern
conditions, there is an objective need for scientific justification of the
management of agglomerations in rural areas of Russia;
– there is a whole range of prerequisites for
the formation and implementation of a mechanism for managing the functioning
and development of agglomerations in rural areas;
– the implementation of the mechanism for
managing the functioning and development of agglomerations in rural areas
should be carried out in stages at both the strategic and operational levels.
Information about the authors:
N.D. Avarskii – Dr. Sci. (Econ.),
Corresponding Member of the RAS, Scientific Secretary (science@vniiesh.ru)
ORCID ID: 0000-0003-3189-1179
A.V. Alpatov – Ph.D. in Economics, Associate
Professor, Leading Researcher (ava.market@vniiesh.ru)
ORCIDID: 0000-0001-7416-409Õ
The article was submitted on 14.02.2024, approved after reviewing on
19.02.2024, accepted for publication on 20.02.2024.
DOI
10.31442/0235-2494-2024-0-3-19-24
p. 19-24
Original article
Assessment of the
state of dairy cattle breeding in Russia
Alexander V.
Tkach1, Olga V. Kaurova2, Alexander N. Maloletko3
1, 2, 3 Russian University of Cooperation, Mytishchi, Moscow region, Russia
Abstract. An analysis of the development of dairy cattle
breeding shows that the number of cattle in the country is decreasing every
year (from 19 793.9 thousand heads in 2010 to 17 488.6 thousand heads in 2022),
including cows (from 8713.0 thousand in 2010 to 7734.7 thousand in 2022). At
the same time, from 2010 to 2022, the gross milk yield in the country increased
from 31 507.8 thousand to 32 983.7 thousand tons. The article identifies the
features and contribution of various forms of management in milk production.
The growth of gross milk production is ensured by increasing the milk yield of
cows. Here, an important role belongs to government support measures that
contribute to an increase in the average milk yield per cow. The current trends
are typical for all regions of the country with highly developed dairy cattle
breeding. In recent years, the ratio of the breed composition of the dairy cows
has changed significantly, in 2010-2022 the share of Holstein cows increased by
more than 50%. At the same time, a significant genetic potential in dairy
cattle breeding remains untapped. The number of breeding animals in breeding
farms is decreasing. At the same time, the import of breeding cattle is
decreasing, and its breed diversity is also decreasing – from 7 to 5 breeds.
Significant efforts are to be made both to increase the number of cattle in the
country and to improve the quality of work with the dairy herd.
Keywords: dairy cattle breeding, milk, productivity, milk
yield, food supply, economy, state support, breeding work
Information about the authors:
A.V. Tkach – Honored Scientist of the Russian
Federation, Honored Worker of Consumer Cooperation, Doctor of Economics,
Professor, Professor of the Department of Economics and Customs Affairs
(alex.tkach2017@yandex.ru), ORCID: 0000-0003-4913-4694
O.V. Kaurova – Doctor of Economics, Professor,
Vice-Rector for Research Atosik2006@mail.ru , ORCID:
0000-0002-7763-1703
A.N. Maloletko – Doctor of Economics,
Professor, Advisor of the Russian University of Cooperation (shadow.economy@gmail.com
The article was submitted to the editorial office on 05.02.2024,
approved after reviewing on 12.02.2024, accepted for publication on 15.02.2024.
DOI
10.31442/0235-2494-2024-0-3-25-32
p. 25-32
Original article
A conceptual model
for managing the economic security of agricultural organizations
Tatyana E.
Tatarovskaya1, Alexander V. Afanasyev2
1 Samara State University of Economics, Samara,
Russia
2 Povolzhsky Head Office, PJSC Sberbank, Samara,
Russia
Abstract. The components of the agricultural organization
activity economic security management conceptual model are presented in the
article in the context of the following aspects: purpose, objectives,
management principles, factors, analysis methodology, control
procedures, interpretation of results for decision-making and monitoring
activities. Using the example of accounting (financial) statements of RUSAGRO
Group and identified non-financial information about the company’s activities,
challenges, threats and risks for economic security management are disclosed,
and the agricultural enterprise under study economic security level is
analyzed.
Keywords: economic security, agricultural enterprise,
challenges, threats, risk map, risk matrix, economic security analysis, SNW
analysis
Information about the authors:
T.E. Tatarovskaya – Candidate of Economic
Sciences, Associate Professor (tatarovskaya.tatyana@gmail.com)
A.V. Afanasyev – Senior Specialist of the
Security Department (afony.199863@gmail.com)
The article was submitted to the editorial office on 05.02.2024,
approved after reviewing and corresponding author’s revision on 14.02.2024,
accepted for publication on 15.02.2024.
DOI
10.31442/0235-2494-2024-0-3-33-40
p. 33-40
Original article
The concept of agricultural
development in region with environmental constraints (based on the materials of
the Republic of Buryatia)
Elena V. Dorzhieva
East Siberia State University of Technology and Management, Ulan-Ude,
Russia
Abstract. The article examines the peculiarities of the
development of agriculture in regions with ecological restrictions. A
methodology for calculating the level of environmental restrictions is proposed
and the grouping of the regions of the Far Eastern and Siberian Federal
Districts on this basis was carried out. A model of the functioning of the
agro-socio-ecological-economic system of the region has been developed,
establishing the interrelationships and interaction of innovative eco-oriented
agriculture with the economic, social and environmental spheres. A concept for
the development of agriculture in the Republic of Buryatia
has been proposed. Scenarios for its development in inertial and optimistic
variants have been considered.
Keywords: agriculture, environmental restrictions, Baikal
region, Far Eastern and Siberian Federal Districts, specially protected natural
territories, World Natural Heritage sites, agro-socio-ecological-economic
system, concept
Acknowledgements. The work
was carried out at the expense of the grant «Young scientists of the East
Siberian State University of Technology and Management 2023» (registration
number 123053000068-4)
Information about the author:
E.V. Dorzhieva – Candidate of Economic
Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Economics, Organization,
Production Management, Senior Researcher (elendorg@mail.ru)
The article was submitted to the editorial office on 19.01.2024,
approved after reviewing on 26.01.2024, accepted for publication on 30.01.2024.
DOI
10.31442/0235-2494-2024-0-3-41-52
p. 41-52
Original article
Assessment of the dynamics of owner’s equity
capital of agricultural holdings in the Russian Federation
Illia V. Morhachov1,
Tatyana V. Daeva2, Natalya S. Gavrineva3
1, 2, 3 Volgograd State
Agricultural University, Volgograd, Russia
Abstract. The aim of the work is to assess the dynamics
of the equity capital of agricultural holdings in the Russian Federation in
order to analyze changes in their financial, economic and investment potential,
as well as to identify factors that affect the change in such dynamics. The
study was conducted on the basis of balance sheet data from a sample of 50
individual legal entities - mainly management companies related to the
country’s leading agricultural holdings. The trend of increasing both the
nominal and real value of the equity capital of agricultural holdings during
2009-2021 is revealed. The trend changed in 2022. The main factors influencing
the dynamics of the real value of equity capital of agricultural holdings
during the analyzed period are the following: state financial and
administrative support; withdrawal from the domestic market of foreign
companies-competitors starting from 2014. It is proved that as the real value
of equity (that is, the base of comparison) increases, the degree of influence
of inflation and the key rate of the Bank of Russia has a greater impact on the
dynamics of the studied indicators than other factors. This pattern makes anti-inflationary
measures and cheaper loans more appropriate in the list of possible tools for
state regulation of the agro-industrial complex. As the real value of equity
grows, the marginal usefulness of direct financial support for the subjects
under study also decreases. The value of return on equity in terms of net
profit of the studied subjects in the amount of 17.17% in the economic
conditions of the Russian Federation is estimated by us as one that allows the
industry to develop, but does not indicate the presence of superprofit
and the possibility of rapid accumulation of investment potential for
significant activation of investment processes in related and other industries.
In such circumstances, state financial and administrative support for the
agricultural sector remains relevant, given the continuing need to ensure the
country’s food security.
Keywords: agro-industrial complex, agricultural holding,
own capital, profit, return on equity, inflation, key rate of the Bank of
Russia, price of loans, investment potential, investment companies
Information about the authors:
I.V. Morhachov – Doctor of Economic Sciences,
Professor of the Department “Management and Logistics in the Agro-industrial
Complex” (Morgachov-ilya@yandex.ru)
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4347-3153
T.V. Daeva – Candidate of Agricultural
Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department “Management and Logistics in
the Agro-industrial Complex” (daeva_tatyana@volgau.com)
N.S. Gavrineva – Teacher of the Department
«Management and Logistics in the Agro-industrial Complex»
(nataliagavrineva@gmail.com)
https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1539-3837
The article was submitted to the editorial office on 14.11.2023,
approved after reviewing on 27.11.2023, accepted for publication on 29.11.2023.
DOI
10.31442/0235-2494-2024-0-3-53-57
p. 53-57
Original article
Cooperation as a tool
for agricultural and rural development
Natalia V. Rodnina
Arctic State Agrotechnological University,
Yakutsk, Russia
Abstract. The article discusses the problems of the
functioning of agriculture in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Despite the annual increase in financing of the
agricultural sector for a decade, the region has seen a decrease in the number
of cattle, the instability of the number of herd horses and reindeer is noted,
quality indicators in animal husbandry are declining, the parameters of
self-sufficiency of the region with food products, defined by Decree of the
Head of the Republic dated December 11, 2018 No. 232, are not achieved. The
purpose of the study, the author determined the need to change approaches, in
particular, management tools and mechanisms. The necessity of developing
cooperation in agriculture is emphasized. To solve this problem, it is
necessary to improve legislation and regulation in the field of cooperation.
Government support is needed. The development of cooperation today should
become one of the priorities of state policy and a necessary factor for the
sustainability and revival of Russian agricultural entrepreneurship as a whole.
Keywords: agriculture, sustainable development, rural
areas, cooperation, Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), agricultural production cooperative, agricultural
consumer cooperative, agricultural producers
Information about the author:
N.V. Rodnina – Doctor of Economics, Dean of
the Faculty of Economics (rodninanv@gmail.com)
The article was submitted to the editorial office on 07.02.2024,
approved after reviewing and corresponding author’s revision on 13.02.2024,
accepted for publication on 16.02.2024.
DOI
10.31442/0235-2494-2024-0-3-58-64
p. 58-64
Original article
Grain-product subcomplex of Crimea: prerequisites for improving
inter-industry cooperation
Liliya E.
Pavlunenko
Crimean Federal University named after V.I. Vernadsky,
Simferopol, Russia
Abstract. The article considers the problems of the
agro-industrial complex of the Republic of Crimea and substantiates the need
for its reform. The author analyzes the structure of the grain-product subcomplex of the agro-industrial complex of the region,
identifies the factors constraining its development. The resource potential of
the republic is characterized. The problems of agricultural producers and
possible solutions have been identified. Priority directions for the
development of the flour and cereal industry are highlighted. The state of the
Crimean market of cereal products is presented. The reasons for the uncompetitiveness of the products of local manufacturers
have been established. The prerequisites and directions of reforming the grain
production subcomplex of the Republic of Crimea are
determined.
Keywords: grain-product subcomplex,
milling and cereal industry, agro-industrial complex, Crimea
Information about the author:
L.E. Pavlunenko – Candidate of Sciences
(Engineering),, Associate Professor, Associate Professor
of the Department “Marketing, Trade and Customs Affairs” of the “Institute of
Economy and Management” (liliyapav@rambler.ru)
The article was submitted to the editorial office on 18.07.2023,
approved after reviewing and corresponding author’s revision on 21.08.2023,
accepted for publication on 28.08.2023.
DOI
10.31442/0235-2494-2024-0-3-65-70
p. 65-70
Original article
Problems of the
social sphere of the village and personnel providing for enterprises of the
agro-industrial complex
Galina N. Tuguskina
Penza State University, Penza, Russia
Abstract. The successful development of the
agro-industrial complex and ensuring food security in Russia is impossible
without qualified personnel who are called upon to solve these problems at the
level of each region. The article analyzes the reasons affecting the supply of
personnel in agro-industrial complexes using the example of the Penza region.
The study revealed a steady downward trend in both the rural population and the
number of people employed in agriculture in the region. The analysis showed
that the main factors that have a negative impact on attracting personnel to
work in rural areas are: poor housing stock in rural settlements; lack of
opportunity to receive quality medical care; shortage of teachers in schools;
insufficiency of cultural and leisure institutions; poor transport
accessibility. It is concluded that changing the current situation, ensuring a
comfortable standard of living in rural areas, thereby making work in rural
areas attractive, especially for young professionals, is possible only through
the joint efforts of enterprises of the agro-industrial complex, municipal and
federal authorities.
Keywords: qualified personnel, rural settlements, rural
population, wages, transport accessibility, personnel providing
Information about the author:
G.N. Tuguskina – Doctor of Economics,
Associate Professor, Professor of the Department of Management and Economic
Security (galina066@mail.ru)
The article was submitted to the editorial office on 11.12.2023,
approved after reviewing and corresponding author’s revision on 25.12.2023,
accepted for publication on 10.01.2024.